The Computer Controlled Francis Turbine, “TFC”, consists of a small-scale Francis Turbine, with a valve that allows flow regulation and has a ring with adjustable guide vanes that allows control of the angle of incidence of the water in the turbine.
The feed chamber is spiral-shaped and is therefore known as a snail chamber. Due to its design, the water circulates with apparently constant speed and without forming whirls, thus avoiding pressure losses.
SPECIFICATION
TFC. Unit:
- Diagram in the front panel with distribution of the elements similar to the real one.
- Functional model of Francis turbine, a ring with adjustable guide vanes that allows to control the water flow in the turbine:
- Computer controlled centrifugal water pump: Maximum pressure: 7 bar. Maximum water flow: 160 l/min. Power: 1.5 kW.
- Transparent water tank, capacity: 120 l approx.
- Regulation valve
- Electromagnetic Brake: Nominal braking torque: 2 N/m. Rated current: 0.45 A.
TFC/CIB. Control Interface Box:
- The Control Interface Box is part of the SCADA system.
- Control interface box with process diagram in the front panel.
- The unit control elements are permanently computer controlled.
- Simultaneous visualization in the computer of all parameters involved in the process.
- Calibration of all sensors involved in the process.
- Real time curves representation about system responses.
- All the actuators’ values can be changed at any time from the keyboard allowing the analysis about curves and responses of the whole process.
- Shield and filtered signals to avoid external interferences.
- Real time PID control with flexibility of modifications from the computer keyboard of the PID parameters, at any moment during the process.
- Real time PID control for parameters involved in the process simultaneously.
- Proportional control, integral control and derivative control, based on the real PID mathematical formula, by changing the values, at any time, of the three control constants (proportional, integral and derivative constants).
- Open control allowing modifications, at any moment and in real time, of parameters involved in the process simultaneously.
- Three safety levels, one mechanical in the unit, another electronic in the control interface and the third one in the control software.
DAB. Data Acquisition Board:
- The Data Acquisition board is part of the SCADA system.
- PCI Express Data acquisition board (National Instruments) to be placed in a computer slot.
- Analog input: Channels= 16 single-ended or 8 differential. Resolution=16 bits, 1 in 65536. Sampling rate up to: 250 KS/s (kilo samples per second).
- Analog output: Channels=2. Resolution=16 bits, 1 in 65536.
- Digital Input/Output: Channels=24 inputs/outputs.
